{"id":18187,"date":"2025-03-16T05:01:27","date_gmt":"2025-03-16T05:01:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/?p=18187"},"modified":"2025-03-16T05:01:27","modified_gmt":"2025-03-16T05:01:27","slug":"ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/","title":{"rendered":"Ligas de alum\u00ednio fund\u00edveis: Composi\u00e7\u00e3o, propriedades e aplica\u00e7\u00f5es explicadas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>As ligas de alum\u00ednio fund\u00edveis oferecem diversas propriedades mec\u00e2nicas. Os tipos comuns incluem A356, A357 e A380. Tratamentos t\u00e9rmicos como o T6 aumentam a resist\u00eancia. S\u00e3o usadas nos setores automotivo, aeroespacial e de engenharia em geral. As principais propriedades s\u00e3o a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o, o alongamento e a dureza. A sele\u00e7\u00e3o da liga depende das necessidades da aplica\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>Neste artigo, voc\u00ea obter\u00e1 o conhecimento b\u00e1sico dos diferentes tipos de ligas de alum\u00ednio fund\u00edveis.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u00cdndice<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Alternar tabela de conte\u00fado\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Alternar<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #7c7c7c;color:#7c7c7c\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #7c7c7c;color:#7c7c7c\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Overview_of_Castable_Aluminum_Alloys\" >Vis\u00e3o geral das ligas de alum\u00ednio fundido<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Definition_and_Importance\" >Defini\u00e7\u00e3o e import\u00e2ncia<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Composition_and_Properties_of_Castable_Aluminum_Alloys\" >Composi\u00e7\u00e3o e propriedades de ligas de alum\u00ednio fund\u00edveis<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Alloy_Composition\" >Composi\u00e7\u00e3o da liga<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Role_of_Trace_Elements\" >Papel dos oligoelementos<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Microscopic_Structure_and_Composition\" >Estrutura e composi\u00e7\u00e3o microsc\u00f3pica<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Mechanical_and_Physical_Properties\" >Propriedades mec\u00e2nicas e f\u00edsicas<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Strength_and_Ductility\" >Resist\u00eancia e ductilidade:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Corrosion_Resistance\" >Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 corros\u00e3o<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Thermal_and_Electrical_Conductivity\" >Condutividade t\u00e9rmica e el\u00e9trica<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Impact_of_Heat_Treatment\" >Impacto do tratamento t\u00e9rmico<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Common_Aluminum_Alloy_Grades\" >Classes comuns de ligas de alum\u00ednio<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#A380\" >A380<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#A356\" >A356<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#6061\" >6061<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#ADC12\" >ADC12<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#LM25\" >LM25<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#LM6\" >LM6<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#5200\" >520.0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#319\" >319<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#413\" >413<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#535\" >535<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Casting_Processes_for_Aluminum_Alloys\" >Processos de fundi\u00e7\u00e3o para ligas de alum\u00ednio<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Die_Casting\" >Fundi\u00e7\u00e3o sob press\u00e3o<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Sand_Casting\" >Fundi\u00e7\u00e3o em areia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Investment_Casting\" >Fundi\u00e7\u00e3o por revestimento<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Challenges_and_Solutions_in_Aluminum_Casting\" >Desafios e solu\u00e7\u00f5es em fundi\u00e7\u00e3o de alum\u00ednio<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Casting_Defects\" >Defeitos de fundi\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Alloy_Selection\" >Sele\u00e7\u00e3o de ligas<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Heat_Treatment_Challenges\" >Desafios do tratamento t\u00e9rmico<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-fundiveis\/#Conclusion\" >Conclus\u00e3o:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overview_of_Castable_Aluminum_Alloys\"><\/span>Vis\u00e3o geral das ligas de alum\u00ednio fundido<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Definition_and_Importance\"><\/span>Defini\u00e7\u00e3o e import\u00e2ncia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>H\u00e1 muitas ligas para fundi\u00e7\u00e3o. Algumas delas s\u00e3o ligas de alum\u00ednio. O alum\u00ednio cont\u00e9m uma mistura de outros elementos (como magn\u00e9sio ou sil\u00edcio). Isso produz suas diferentes ligas.<\/p>\n<p>O alum\u00ednio derrete a temperaturas em torno de 660 \u00b0C. Essa forma derretida \u00e9 ent\u00e3o introduzida no molde para assumir a forma de um perfil.<\/p>\n<p>Devido ao seu peso menor, com uma densidade de 2,7 g\/cm\u00b3, essas ligas s\u00e3o tr\u00eas vezes mais leves que o a\u00e7o. Esse \u00e9 o motivo de sua adequa\u00e7\u00e3o em muitas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es. Por exemplo, carros, avi\u00f5es e m\u00e1quinas.<\/p>\n<p>Al\u00e9m disso, eles resistem bem \u00e0 corros\u00e3o e podem ser fabricados em qualquer formato, embora sejam fortes.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Composition_and_Properties_of_Castable_Aluminum_Alloys\"><\/span>Composi\u00e7\u00e3o e propriedades de ligas de alum\u00ednio fund\u00edveis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table class=\"x1mwwwfo x1gukg7c x1n2onr6 x140o2bo x1bl4301\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xljulmy x7wzq59 x13vifvy xpeg176 x1b1u5bx x95da8x x18qtup9 xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Designa\u00e7\u00e3o da liga<\/th>\n<th class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xljulmy x7wzq59 x13vifvy xpeg176 x1b1u5bx x95da8x x18qtup9 xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Composi\u00e7\u00e3o (wt%)<\/th>\n<th class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xljulmy x7wzq59 x13vifvy xpeg176 x1b1u5bx x95da8x x18qtup9 xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Densidade (g\/cm\u00b3)<\/th>\n<th class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xljulmy x7wzq59 x13vifvy xpeg176 x1b1u5bx x95da8x x18qtup9 xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o (MPa)<\/th>\n<th class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xljulmy x7wzq59 x13vifvy xpeg176 x1b1u5bx x95da8x x18qtup9 xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Resist\u00eancia ao escoamento (MPa)<\/th>\n<th class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xljulmy x7wzq59 x13vifvy xpeg176 x1b1u5bx x95da8x x18qtup9 xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Alongamento (%)<\/th>\n<th class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xljulmy x7wzq59 x13vifvy xpeg176 x1b1u5bx x95da8x x18qtup9 xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 corros\u00e3o<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">A356<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Al-7Si-0,3Mg<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">2.68<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">310-380<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">180-220<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">6-8<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Bom<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">A357<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Al-7Si-0,5Mg<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">2.68<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">360-420<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">240-280<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">6-8<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Bom<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">319<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Al-6Si-4Cu<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">2.79<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">240-300<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">140-180<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">2-4<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Justo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">413<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Al-12Si-1Cu<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">2.67<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">230-280<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">130-170<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">2-4<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Justo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">A413<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Al-12Si-1Cu-0,5Mg<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">2.67<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">260-310<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">160-200<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">2-4<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Justo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">535<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Al-6Si-2Mg-0,5Cu<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">2.65<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">290-350<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">180-230<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">6-8<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Bom<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">713<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Al-7Si-1Cu-0,5Mg<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">2.72<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">300-360<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">200-250<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">6-8<\/td>\n<td class=\"x8cjs6t x1ch86jh x80vd3b xckqwgs x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x178xt8z xm81vs4 xso031l xy80clv x1mzt3pk xt4736n x1havqas x1f0sm9e x12qp5cl xz9dl7a xn6708d xsag5q8 x1ye3gou\">Bom<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alloy_Composition\"><\/span>Composi\u00e7\u00e3o da liga<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A forma\u00e7\u00e3o de ligas de alum\u00ednio fund\u00edveis inclui a composi\u00e7\u00e3o de muitos elementos. Por exemplo, o alum\u00ednio pode conter sil\u00edcio (5-12%), magn\u00e9sio (0,2-10%), cobre (1-4%) ou zinco (1-3%).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/output-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18189 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/output-1-1024x610.png\" alt=\"alongamento de ligas de alum\u00ednio fund\u00edveis\" width=\"1024\" height=\"610\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/output-1-980x584.png 980w, https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/output-1-480x286.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>O sil\u00edcio derrete a 577\u00b0C, o que faz com que ele preencha melhor os moldes. Enquanto isso, o magn\u00e9sio ajuda a obter mais resist\u00eancia, pois forma precipitados finos. O cobre desenvolve a dureza.<\/p>\n<p>Por exemplo, h\u00e1 8-10% de sil\u00edcio e 3-4% de cobre na liga A380. \u00c9 por isso que eles oferecem alta fluidez, espalhando-se por espa\u00e7os de molde t\u00e3o estreitos quanto 0,1 mm.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Role_of_Trace_Elements\"><\/span>Papel dos oligoelementos<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Pequenas quantidades de elementos como ferro (&lt;1%) evitam a ader\u00eancia aos moldes, e o mangan\u00eas (0,5%) melhora a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 corros\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>A fundi\u00e7\u00e3o de ligas de alum\u00ednio evita a ader\u00eancia do molde simplesmente devido \u00e0 contribui\u00e7\u00e3o de pequenas quantidades de elementos residuais como o ferro (&lt;1%).<\/p>\n<p>Da mesma forma, eles resistem bem \u00e0 corros\u00e3o e t\u00eam tamanhos de gr\u00e3os menores devido ao mangan\u00eas (0,5%) e ao tit\u00e2nio (0,2%), respectivamente. Como resultado, isso tamb\u00e9m reduz as rachaduras.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Microscopic_Structure_and_Composition\"><\/span>Estrutura e composi\u00e7\u00e3o microsc\u00f3pica<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/composition-of-castable-alloys.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18190 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/composition-of-castable-alloys-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"composi\u00e7\u00e3o de ligas de alum\u00ednio fund\u00edveis\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/composition-of-castable-alloys-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/composition-of-castable-alloys-980x980.jpg 980w, https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/composition-of-castable-alloys-480x480.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>A imagem mencionada mostra o efeito da composi\u00e7\u00e3o na estrutura do gr\u00e3o. Por exemplo, o gr\u00e3o grosso (50-100 \u00b5m de largura) ocorre na fase inicial da fundi\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>Os elementos de sil\u00edcio (10-20 \u00b5m) adquirem alta resist\u00eancia, bloqueando deslocamentos. Enquanto isso, a nuclea\u00e7\u00e3o se forma em um ponto de limites de gr\u00e3o (GBs). Os n\u00facleos crescem at\u00e9 o estado da matriz durante o resfriamento.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mechanical_and_Physical_Properties\"><\/span>Propriedades mec\u00e2nicas e f\u00edsicas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/output.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18188 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/output-1024x611.png\" alt=\"Gr\u00e1fico de resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o de ligas de alum\u00ednio fund\u00edveis\" width=\"1024\" height=\"611\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/output-980x584.png 980w, https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/output-480x286.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Strength_and_Ductility\"><\/span>Resist\u00eancia e ductilidade:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>As ligas fund\u00edveis t\u00eam resist\u00eancias \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o que variam entre 200 e 380 MPa. Por exemplo, a356 obt\u00e9m 280 MPa e \u00e9 estic\u00e1vel (10%) logo antes de quebrar.<\/p>\n<p>Da mesma forma, o tratamento t\u00e9rmico (por exemplo, t\u00eampera T6) induz o aumento da resist\u00eancia 20% e da ductilidade 8% no A356. Isso \u00e9 obtido por meio do aquecimento das ligas a 500\u00b0C, da t\u00eampera com \u00e1gua e do envelhecimento a 150\u00b0C por 5 horas.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Corrosion_Resistance\"><\/span>Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 corros\u00e3o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Quando uma liga cont\u00e9m magn\u00e9sio (por exemplo, 520.0 com 10% Mg), ela recebe uma camada protetora de \u00f3xido. Isso significa que elas podem competir contra a corros\u00e3o por um per\u00edodo de 15 a 20 anos em ambientes marinhos.<\/p>\n<p>Na LM6, a composi\u00e7\u00e3o de alto teor de sil\u00edcio evita a corros\u00e3o por \u00e1gua salgada. Como resultado, eles continuam funcionando a uma press\u00e3o de 50 Mpa em produtos subaqu\u00e1ticos.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thermal_and_Electrical_Conductivity\"><\/span>Condutividade t\u00e9rmica e el\u00e9trica<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>As ligas como a 319 t\u00eam 6% Si e 3% Cu. Portanto, elas conduzem o calor a 150 W\/m-K. \u00c9 isso que as torna a melhor op\u00e7\u00e3o entre os componentes do motor.<\/p>\n<p>Al\u00e9m disso, eles t\u00eam baixa densidade, que \u00e9 de cerca de 2,7 g\/cm\u00b3. Isso melhora a efici\u00eancia do combust\u00edvel (10%) devido ao seu menor peso, especialmente em carros.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Impact_of_Heat_Treatment\"><\/span>Impacto do tratamento t\u00e9rmico<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Os fabricantes realizam o tratamento t\u00e9rmico para reduzir os vazios e refinar os gr\u00e3os. Por exemplo, a etapa de envelhecimento aumenta a dureza de 80 HB para 95 HB em ligas como a ADC12.<\/p>\n<p>Al\u00e9m disso, o processo de recristaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (que ocorre na imagem) causa encolhimento de gr\u00e3os de at\u00e9 10-20 \u00b5m. Portanto, como resultado, a liga obt\u00e9m maior resist\u00eancia \u00e0 fadiga (30%).<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Common_Aluminum_Alloy_Grades\"><\/span>Classes comuns de ligas de alum\u00ednio<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A380\"><\/span>A380<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>H\u00e1 8-10% de sil\u00edcio, 3-4% de cobre e menos de 1% de ferro presentes na liga de alum\u00ednio fundido do A380. A part\u00edcula de sil\u00edcio tem um ponto de fus\u00e3o mais baixo. Isso significa que elas fluem suavemente nos moldes, preenchendo cada espa\u00e7o.<\/p>\n<p>A dureza \u00e9 melhor devido aos elementos de cobre, o que os torna ideais para pe\u00e7as de alta tens\u00e3o. \u00c9 por isso que essa liga com 320 MPa cria suportes de motor e carca\u00e7as eletr\u00f4nicas.<\/p>\n<p>Ela preenche as lacunas adequadamente e tamb\u00e9m causa menos defeitos. Al\u00e9m disso, essa liga esfria mais rapidamente, resultando em um tempo de produ\u00e7\u00e3o reduzido de cerca de 15%.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A356\"><\/span>A356<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A liga A356 tem teor de sil\u00edcio e magn\u00e9sio (7% e 0,3%, respectivamente). \u00c9 por isso que ela oferece melhor fluidez e resist\u00eancia.<\/p>\n<p>Essa liga tem aproximadamente 280 MPa de resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o e 12% de ductilidade. Portanto, elas podem se esticar tanto quanto a 12% antes de quebrar.<\/p>\n<p>A liga a356 pode ser usada para fabricar rodas de aeronaves e autom\u00f3veis, pe\u00e7as de suspens\u00e3o, trem de pouso de aeronaves e estruturas de asas.<\/p>\n<p>Ele tamb\u00e9m tem a propriedade exclusiva de resistir a temperaturas de 200\u00b0C por 500 horas. Mesmo nesse ponto, ele n\u00e3o racha facilmente.<\/p>\n<p>Ap\u00f3s o tratamento t\u00e9rmico, essa liga tem maior resist\u00eancia (20%). Portanto, s\u00e3o ideais para uso em aplica\u00e7\u00f5es aeroespaciais.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6061\"><\/span>6061<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A liga 6061 \u00e9 composta de 1% de magn\u00e9sio, 0,6% de sil\u00edcio e 0,3% de cobre. Esses elementos, como o magn\u00e9sio, aumentam sua capacidade de impedir a corros\u00e3o. Essa liga dura 20 anos em ambientes externos e n\u00e3o enferruja.<\/p>\n<p>Leia tamb\u00e9m: <a href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/ligas-de-aluminio-6061-vs-6063\/\">Ligas de alum\u00ednio 6061 vs 6063<\/a><\/p>\n<p>A resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o (310 Mpa) da liga 6061 a torna \u00fatil em pontes, vigas e pe\u00e7as de chassi, como bra\u00e7os de suspens\u00e3o e estruturas mar\u00edtimas. Sua baixa densidade tamb\u00e9m ajuda a torn\u00e1-la 60% mais leve que o a\u00e7o.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ADC12\"><\/span>ADC12<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Contendo 10-20% de sil\u00edcio e 2-3% de cobre, a liga ADC12 \u00e9 bastante popular. O sil\u00edcio nesse metal permite uma fundi\u00e7\u00e3o suave, enquanto o cobre aumenta sua dureza.<\/p>\n<p>O tratamento t\u00e9rmico traz mudan\u00e7as na dureza, excedendo-a para 95 HB <strong>(<\/strong>Brinell<strong>)<\/strong>. Essa liga \u00e9 usada para fabricar pe\u00e7as como blocos de motores de autom\u00f3veis, carca\u00e7as de smartphones e caixas de c\u00e2mbio.<\/p>\n<p>Ele tamb\u00e9m assume perfis de formas complexas em 30 segundos, economizando at\u00e9 25% na produ\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"LM25\"><\/span>LM25<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A liga LM25 \u00e9 feita com a adi\u00e7\u00e3o de 0,3% de magn\u00e9sio e 7% de sil\u00edcio. Al\u00e9m disso, sua resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o atinge 260 MPa a 200 \u00b0C.  Ela oferece boa capacidade de fundi\u00e7\u00e3o para a fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de carca\u00e7as de bombas, estruturas mar\u00edtimas e v\u00e1lvulas hidr\u00e1ulicas.<\/p>\n<p>Suas paredes fundidas em areia s\u00e3o t\u00e3o finas quanto 1 mm; \u00e9 isso que seu recurso exclusivo faz. Portanto, o LM25 \u00e9 ideal para a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de projetos leves.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"LM6\"><\/span>LM6<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>10-13% do teor de sil\u00edcio e menos de 0,1% de magn\u00e9sio est\u00e3o presentes na liga LM6. Devido \u00e0 maior quantidade de sil\u00edcio, essa liga n\u00e3o sofre corros\u00e3o facilmente. Ela pode sobreviver a 50 MPa de press\u00e3o na \u00e1gua do mar.<\/p>\n<p>Os fabricantes o utilizam para fundir h\u00e9lices de barcos e acess\u00f3rios para docas. Ao longo dos anos, eles funcionam em \u00e1gua salgada sem enferrujar. Isso tamb\u00e9m reduz os custos de manuten\u00e7\u00e3o em at\u00e9 40%.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5200\"><\/span>520.0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A liga de alum\u00ednio fund\u00edvel de 520.0 tem 10% de magn\u00e9sio e 0,1% de sil\u00edcio. Essa proposi\u00e7\u00e3o de elementos aumenta sua resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o (380 MPa) e tamb\u00e9m reduz seu peso em at\u00e9 50%.<\/p>\n<p>Voc\u00ea pode us\u00e1-los para fazer suportes aeroespaciais, carca\u00e7as de foguetes e equipamentos militares. Outra caracter\u00edstica \u00e9 a capacidade de suportar vibra\u00e7\u00f5es em torno de 500 Hz, sem apresentar rachaduras.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"319\"><\/span>319<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Essa liga tem 6% de sil\u00edcio e 3% de cobre. O sil\u00edcio melhora a fluidez, mas o cobre alcan\u00e7a melhor condutividade t\u00e9rmica (150 W\/m-K).<\/p>\n<p>Eles s\u00e3o fundidos para fabricar cabe\u00e7otes de cilindros e dissipadores de calor. Proporcionam precis\u00e3o m\u00e1xima em pe\u00e7as como \u00b10,02 mm e se encaixam perfeitamente nos motores.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"413\"><\/span>413<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A liga 413 inclui 12% de sil\u00edcio e 2% de ferro. \u00c9 por isso que ela oferece estanqueidade \u00e0 press\u00e3o de cerca de 50 MPa. As pe\u00e7as, como bombas e v\u00e1lvulas hidr\u00e1ulicas, s\u00e3o suas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>\n<p>Al\u00e9m disso, essa liga veda vazamentos em fendas, que podem ser t\u00e3o pequenas quanto 0,5 mm, economizando fluido.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"535\"><\/span>535<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Os fabricantes adicionam 7% de magn\u00e9sio e 0,15% de sil\u00edcio na composi\u00e7\u00e3o da liga 535. Sua resist\u00eancia \u00e0 corros\u00e3o est\u00e1 em conformidade com a exatid\u00e3o em ambientes com pH 8-10, como a \u00e1gua do mar.<\/p>\n<p>Eles s\u00e3o usados para produzir cascos de navios e plataformas offshore, juntamente com a soldagem a 300\u00b0C. Eles n\u00e3o racham sob essa temperatura e podem durar 25 anos em condi\u00e7\u00f5es marinhas.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Casting_Processes_for_Aluminum_Alloys\"><\/span>Processos de fundi\u00e7\u00e3o para ligas de alum\u00ednio<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Add-a-heading-2025-03-16T093926.898.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18191 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Add-a-heading-2025-03-16T093926.898.png\" alt=\"processo de fundi\u00e7\u00e3o sob press\u00e3o de liga de alum\u00ednio fund\u00edvel\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Add-a-heading-2025-03-16T093926.898.png 800w, https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Add-a-heading-2025-03-16T093926.898-480x300.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 800px, 100vw\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Die_Casting\"><\/span>Fundi\u00e7\u00e3o sob press\u00e3o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>O processo de fundi\u00e7\u00e3o sob press\u00e3o inclui a fus\u00e3o da liga de alum\u00ednio e sua inje\u00e7\u00e3o no molde sob alta press\u00e3o. Ele funde as pe\u00e7as em um tempo n\u00e3o superior a 10-30 segundos, e o resultado final atende a par\u00e2metros r\u00e1pidos e precisos.<\/p>\n<p>Entre as outras ligas, a A380 e a ADC12 s\u00e3o as mais comumente usadas para fabricar suportes de motores de autom\u00f3veis e ma\u00e7anetas de portas de avi\u00f5es.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sand_Casting\"><\/span>Fundi\u00e7\u00e3o em areia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>O processo de fundi\u00e7\u00e3o em areia utiliza moldes de areia. Seu tamanho de gr\u00e3o varia entre 0,10 e 0,5 mm. O processo \u00e9 adequado e combina bem com a fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de pe\u00e7as como blocos de motor. \u00c9 muito mais econ\u00f4mico (50%) do que a fundi\u00e7\u00e3o sob press\u00e3o, mas n\u00e3o produz superf\u00edcies lisas.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Investment_Casting\"><\/span>Fundi\u00e7\u00e3o por revestimento<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com.pk\/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=C4-4EAAAQBAJ&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PP1&amp;dq=Investment+casting&amp;ots=RsdXzfLfyW&amp;sig=XGTN46pqDmkOSgB5C5nyvTArqek\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fundi\u00e7\u00e3o por revestimento<\/a> inclui padr\u00f5es de cera com revestimentos de cer\u00e2mica. Eles produzem pe\u00e7as com elementos detalhados, como l\u00e2minas de turbina.<\/p>\n<p>Al\u00e9m disso, ele efetivamente obt\u00e9m toler\u00e2ncias mais r\u00edgidas de \u00b10,05 mm, mas leva muito tempo (48 horas por molde).<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Challenges_and_Solutions_in_Aluminum_Casting\"><\/span>Desafios e solu\u00e7\u00f5es em fundi\u00e7\u00e3o de alum\u00ednio<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Casting_Defects\"><\/span>Defeitos de fundi\u00e7\u00e3o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>As ligas de alum\u00ednio fund\u00edveis causam defeitos como porosidade e encolhimento, que enfraquecem as pe\u00e7as. \u00c9 exatamente por isso que voc\u00ea precisa usar a fundi\u00e7\u00e3o a v\u00e1cuo para reduzir a porosidade em at\u00e9 70%.<\/p>\n<p>Para melhorar a rugosidade da superf\u00edcie (at\u00e9 12,5 \u00b5m), \u00e9 importante escolher o shot peening com esferas de 0,5 mm a 80 psi.<\/p>\n<p>Al\u00e9m disso, o pr\u00e9-aquecimento dos moldes antes de injetar a liga fundida evita a ader\u00eancia e preenche as \u00e1reas internas com melhor fluidez.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alloy_Selection\"><\/span>Sele\u00e7\u00e3o de ligas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A escolha da liga met\u00e1lica errada pode arruinar todo o projeto. Por exemplo, o A380 \u00e9 mais adequado para pe\u00e7as de ve\u00edculos com paredes finas.<\/p>\n<p>Enquanto isso, o LM6 cria um suporte de resist\u00eancia que enfrenta a \u00e1gua do mar. O ADC12 preenche lacunas menores em no m\u00e1ximo 30 segundos, mas pode rachar se for superaquecido acima de 600\u00b0C.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Heat_Treatment_Challenges\"><\/span>Desafios do tratamento t\u00e9rmico<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/heat-treatment-of-alu-alloys.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-18192 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/heat-treatment-of-alu-alloys-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"tratamento t\u00e9rmico do revestimento da matriz de alum\u00ednio\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/heat-treatment-of-alu-alloys-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/heat-treatment-of-alu-alloys-980x980.jpg 980w, https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/heat-treatment-of-alu-alloys-480x480.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>A zona quente dos fornos aquece as ligas. O uso da temperatura de 500 \u00b0C e a opera\u00e7\u00e3o por 4 horas proporcionam caracter\u00edsticas marcantes.<\/p>\n<p>O tanque de resfriamento nesse processo ajuda a evitar rachaduras, pois resfria as pe\u00e7as a 10\u00b0C\/min. A temperatura de resfriamento, no entanto, n\u00e3o deve ser ruim. Isso ocorre porque pode haver risco de fragilidade. Por exemplo, o resfriamento correto traz a resist\u00eancia do 20% para a liga 6061.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclus\u00e3o:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>As ligas de alum\u00ednio fundido s\u00e3o muito importantes em muitos setores, como automotivo, aeroespacial, industrial e at\u00e9 mesmo de produtos de consumo. Elas s\u00e3o leves e, por isso, reduzem o consumo de combust\u00edvel.<\/p>\n<p>Al\u00e9m disso, sua capacidade de impedir a corros\u00e3o significa que podem durar mais de 25 anos. Esse tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 o motivo pelo qual eles s\u00e3o mais exigentes em ambientes adversos.<\/p>\n<p>Se houver desafios como encolhimento ou porosidade, voc\u00ea pode corrigi-los usando t\u00e9cnicas espec\u00edficas. Portanto, crie produtos vers\u00e1teis usando as ligas de alum\u00ednio de sua escolha.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Leia as propriedades das ligas de alum\u00ednio fundido, como A380, A356 e 6061. Saiba mais sobre sua resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o, resist\u00eancia \u00e0 corros\u00e3o e impacto em setores como o automotivo, aeroespacial e eletr\u00f4nico. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":18193,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aluminium-alloy-castings"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18187"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18187\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18187"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18187"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aludiecasting.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}